Output modules are new as of version 1.6. They allow Snort to be much moreflexible in the formatting and presentation of output to its users. The outputmodules are run when the alert or logging subsystems of Snort are called, afterthe preprocessors and detection engine. The format of the directives in theconfig file is very similar to that of the preprocessors.Multiple output plugins may be specified in the Snort configuration file. Whenmultiple plugins of the same type (log, alert) are specified, they are stackedand called in sequence when an event occurs. As with the standard logging andalerting systems, output plugins send their data to /var/log/snort by defaultor to a user directed directory (using the -l command line switch).Output modules are loaded at runtime by specifying the output keyword in theconfig file: output : output alert_syslog: log_auth log_alert2.6.1 alert_syslogThis module sends alerts to the syslog facility (much like the -s command lineswitch). This module also allows the user to specify the logging facility andpriority within the Snort config file, giving users greater flexibility inlogging alerts.2.6.1.1 Available Keywords2.6.1.1.1 Facilitieslog_auth
log_authpriv
log_daemon
log_local0
log_local1
log_local2
log_local3
log_local4
log_local5
log_local6
log_local7
log_user
2.6.1.1.2 Prioritieslog_emerg
log_alert
log_crit
log_err
log_warning
log_notice
log_info
log_debug
2.6.1.1.3 Optionslog_cons
log_ndelay
log_perror
log_pid
2.6.1.2 Format alert_syslog: \ Note: As WIN32 does not run syslog servers locally by default, a hostname and portcan be passed as options. The default host is 127.0.0.1. The default port is514.
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output alert_syslog: \ [host=/alert. You may specify "stdout" for terminal output. The name mayinclude an absolute or relative path.packet: this option will cause multiline entries with fullpacket headers to be logged. By default, only brief single-line entries arelogged.
limit: an optional limit on file size which defaults to 128 MB. The minimum is 1 KB. See for more information.
2.6.2.2 Example output alert_fast: alert.fast2.6.3 alert_fullThis will print Snort alert messages with full packet headers. The alerts willbe written in the default logging directory (/var/log/snort) or in the loggingdirectory specified at the command line.Inside the logging directory, a directory will be created per IP. These fileswill be decoded packet dumps of the packets that triggered the alerts. Thecreation of these files slows Snort down considerably. This output method isdiscouraged for all but the lightest traffic situations.2.6.3.1 Format output alert_full: [ []] ::= [('G''M'K')]filename: the name of the log file. The default name islogdir/alert. You may specify "stdout" for terminal output. The name mayinclude an absolute or relative path.
limit: an optional limit on file size which defaults to 128 MB. The minimum is 1 KB. See for more information.
2.6.3.2 Example output alert_full: alert.full2.6.4 alert_unixsockSets up a UNIX domain socket and sends alert reports to it. Externalprograms/processes can listen in on this socket and receive Snort alert andpacket data in real time.2.6.4.1 Format alert_unixsock2.6.4.2 Example output alert_unixsock Note: On FreeBSD, the default sysctl value for net.local.dgram.recvspaceis too low for alert_unixsock datagrams and you will likely not receive anydata. You can change this value after booting by running:$ sudo sysctl net.local.dgram.recvspace=100000To have this value set on each boot automatically, add the following to /etc/sysctl.conf:net.local.dgram.recvspace=100000Note that the value of 100000 may be slightly generous, but the value should be at least 65864.
2.6.5 log_tcpdumpThe log_tcpdump module logs packets to a tcpdump-formatted file. This isuseful for performing post-process analysis on collected traffic with the vastnumber of tools that are available for examining tcpdump-formatted files.2.6.5.1 Format output log_tcpdump: [ []] ::= [('G''M'K')]filename: the name of the log file. The default name islogdir/snort.log. The name may include an absolute or relative path. AUNIX timestamp is appended to the filename.
limit: an optional limit on file size which defaults to 128 MB.When a sequence of packets is to be logged, the aggregate size is used to testthe rollover condition. See for more information.
2.6.5.2 Example output log_tcpdump: snort.log2.6.6 csvThe csv output plugin allows alert data to be written in a format easilyimportable to a database. The output fields and their order may be customized.2.6.6.1 Format output alert_csv: [ [ []]] ::= "default" ::= (,)* ::= "dst""src""ttl" ... ::= [('G''M'K')]filename: the name of the log file. The default name islogdir/alert.csv. You may specify "stdout" for terminal output. The namemay include an absolute or relative path.
format: The list of formatting options is below. If theformatting option is "default", the output is in the order of the formattingoptions listed.timestamp
sig_generator
sig_id
sig_rev
msg
proto
src
srcport
dst
dstport
ethsrc
ethdst
ethlen
tcpflags
tcpseq
tcpack
tcplen
tcpwindow
ttl
tos
id
dgmlen
iplen
icmptype
icmpcode
icmpid
icmpseq
limit: an optional limit on file size which defaults to 128 MB. The minimum is 1 KB. See for more information.
2.6.6.2 Example output alert_csv: /var/log/alert.csv default output alert_csv: /var/log/alert.csv timestamp, msg2.6.7 unified 2Unified2 can work in one of three modes, packet logging, alert logging, or trueunified logging. Packet logging includes a capture of the entire packet and isspecified with log_unified2. Likewise, alert logging will only logevents and is specified with alert_unified2. To include both loggingstyles in a single, unified file, simply specify unified2.When MPLS support is turned on, MPLS labels can be included in unified2 events.Use option mpls_event_types to enable this. If optionmpls_event_types is not used, then MPLS labels will be not beincluded in unified2 events. Note: By default, unified 2 files have the file creation time (in Unix Epoch format)appended to each file when it is created.
This module allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting the Snort service via crafted SMB traffic. The vulnerability is due to a boundary error within the DCE/RPC preprocessor when reassembling SMB Write AndX requests, which may result a stack-based buffer overflow with a specially crafted packet sent on a network that is monitored by Snort. Vulnerable versions include Snort 2.6.1, 2.7 Beta 1 and SourceFire IDS 4.1, 4.5 and 4.6. Any host on the Snort network may be used as the remote host. The remote host does not need to be running the SMB service for the exploit to be successful.
Snort provides convenient rpm packets for CentOS 7, which can be installed simply with the commands below. Snort itself uses something called Data Acquisition library (DAQ) to make abstract calls to packet capture libraries. Check the latest version number on the Snort front page, if a newer version of DAQ or Snort is available simply replace the version number in the following commands with the latest option.
The rule sets for the registered users include an extensive amount of useful preconfigured detection rules. If you tried out Snort with the community rules first, you can enable additional rules by uncommenting their inclusions towards the end of the snort.conf file.
In case you get an error, the print out should tell you what the problem was and where to fix it. Most likely problems are missing files or folders, which you can usually resolve by either adding any you might have missed in the setup above, or by commenting out unnecessary inclusion lines in the snort.conf file. Check the configuration part and try again.
Snort records the alerts to a log under /var/log/snort/snort.log.timestamp, where the time stamp is the point in time when Snort was started marked in Unix time. You can read the logs with the command underneath. Since you have only run Snort once, there is only one log, complete your command by pressing TAB.
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